There is a macfuse kext, but Apple is currently trying to move such things into userspace.
As long as it works, you can use it.
There is fuse-t, but it seems to only have fuse-zip, so there is no support for .rar or .7z files.
macfuse and fuse-t don't implement custom file systems themselves, they only provide means for such implementations. fuse-t should work with many existing FUSE implementations, they don't need to target it specifically. For example, I think here the same ntfs-3g installation was used with both macfuse and fuse-t.
Are there any other ways to do this?
Not that I know of, but I know very little about macOS, so there may very well be other options.